Table 5 Difficulties faced by CVD doctors and medical students

1

Body colour changes: pallor, cyanosis, jaundice

2

Skin rashes, erythema and lymphangitis

3

Blood and urine test strips

4

Ophthalmology: disc pallor, diabetic changes, haemorrhage versus pigmentation, glaucoma, haemorrhage in anterior chamber, Kayser Fleischer rings

5

Body products: blood versus bile in urine, faeces, sputum, vomit

6

Otoscopy: inflamed drum, wax versus blood

7

Microscopy

8

Mouth and throat conditions

9

Ishihara test giving

10

Chemistry end-points

11

Tissue identification in surgery

12

Gangrene and sores